Educación formal y capacitación como determinantes del desarrollo en América Latina

Abstract

The relationship between formal education, training, and development in Latin America has become an increasing focus of interest, given its relevance in addressing the region's structural challenges. This article aims to analyze how these factors impact human, social, and economic development processes. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 method and a thematic analysis assisted by QDA Miner Lite of the most recent studies. The results indicate that formal education is a central determinant of development, although its impact is conditioned by factors such as educational quality, equity of access, and public policies. Training, on the other hand, emerges as a necessary complement, especially in the educational and technical fields, yet faces limitations in its implementation. The discussion suggests that development in the region requires more effective integration of formal education and training, with an approach that acknowledges social and territorial diversity. In conclusion, the article advocates for the creation of comprehensive educational policies that can maximize the transformative effects of education and training in Latin America's development processes.