Bringing together over one hundred texts by thirty-three major thinkers, this anthology offers a comprehensive view of the central questions that have shaped philosophy in the Islamic world, as well as the speculative answers that emerged from them. It thus helps to restore due recognition to the remarkable richness of this philosophical tradition.Readers will discover the writings of emblematic figures such as al-Kindī, al-Fārābī, Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), al-Ghazālī, and Ibn Rushd (Averroes), along with the founders of distinct schools of thought, including Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī (the Master of Illumination) and Mīr Dāmād (known as “the Third Teacher”), together with their disciples and opponents.This bilingual edition presents both the original texts and their translations, rendered in a language that remains faithful to the nuance of the concepts while avoiding unnecessary neologisms. Pedagogical yet rigorous, it is designed to be accessible to readers new to the field as well as to advanced students.