Ventilación mecánica prolongada posterior a RVM

Abstract

Mechanical ventilation in a patient undergoing coronary bypass is generally necessary for 1–2 days after surgery. Prolonged MV in patients with coronary bypass is defined as ventilatory support greater than 48 hours. When this is prolonged, the hospital stay, the cost of treatment, the risk of disability and the decrease in the quality of life are directly increased. Factors associated with prolonged MV in this group of patients include chronic kidney disease, advanced age, surgical time, emergency surgery. Elevated NYHA scores and COPD. Some less frequently documented risk factors are: female gender, diabetes mellitus, low blood pressure of oxygen prior to surgery and history of cerebrovascular disease. Muscle training of the patient prior to coronary artery bypass surgery improves respiratory function after surgery. Likewise, early mobilization is very useful as it reduces the risk of physical deconditioning. With this, it is possible to minimize the sedation time, maintain the ranges of joint mobility, reduce the time of mechanical ventilation and stay in the ICU.