The phenomenon of the post-1945 adaptation of the Lodz industrialists’ residences – villas and palaces – for museum purposes deserves a closer analysis. The fate of these buildings reflects the significant political changes in the post-war period. One of the most interesting projects of this kind was the conversion of the residences belonging to the most important industrialist families in Lodz into museums: the former palace of Izrael Poznański was designated as the seat of the City Museum (formerly the City History Museum), and the palace of his son Maurycy Poznański became the seat of the Art Museum. In turn, the villa of Matilda and Edward Herbst in Księży Młyn was transformed into a branch of the same museum, as the Herbst Palace Museum. The Scheibler Palace on Zwycięstwo Square was turned into the Museum of Cinematography. All these buildings were renovated and adapted to their new functions, which was not always an easy task. Thanks to these works, the city has been enriched with important cultural institutions, which are visited by residents and tourists. They can view the museum collections and admire at the same time the original and partially reconstructed interiors of the former palace buildings.