Dinámica familiar y su relación con el embarazo de adolescentes

Abstract

In a study carried out at the Youth Development Center of the RED in Puno, Peru, during the year 2020, the aim was to investigate the relationship between family dynamics and teenage pregnancy. The research design was cross-sectional correlational, with a sample of 150 pregnant teenagers who were part of the center. To assess family dynamics, the "Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales" (FASES III) by Olson, Portner, and Laves (1986) were employed. To identify teenage pregnancy, a sexuality survey was developed, which was reviewed by experts and subjected to statistical tests with a high level of reliability (Cronbach's Alpha of 0.92). The data obtained were subjected to Chi-square correlation statistical analysis, revealing that there is no significant relationship between family dynamics and teenage pregnancy. It was observed that the majority of families exhibited a balanced family dynamic (59%), followed by medium (25%) and extreme dynamics (16%). However,the family dynamics of pregnant teenagers were characterized as even more chaotic than other situations, with an absence of clear leadership and less rigorous discipline. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant relationship betweenthe levels of family cohesion among teenagers and the occurrence of pregnancies. Most of these families exhibited a low level of cohesion, considered as separate, and chaotic family adaptability, leading to conflicts within the family environment, and consequently, some teenagers sought pregnancy as a way to escape their problems, resorting to the streets. In conclusion, family dynamics do not seem to be a determining factor in teenage pregnancies in this population.