Tra cielo e terra : Eugen Fink e l’interpretazione fenomenologica dei Presocratici

Abstract

This study focuses on the interpretation of pre-Socratic philosophy in Eugen Fink and his mature cosmology, which characterizes the period following his assistantship with Edmund Husserl. It aims to trace the genesis of the cosmological perspective through a detailed analysis of lectures, volumes, seminars, and both published and unpublished documents from the author’s Nachlass, which deal with Greek and pre-Socratic philosophy. The articulation of the problem of the world is the result of a critical reworking of the phenomenology of Husserl and Heidegger, the philosophies of Kant, Hegel, and Nietzsche, and the fundamental turning point represented by the rethinking of the categories of Greek thought as hermeneutic watershed. The world and the “cosmological difference represent the form in which the question of being takes shape in this philosophy. This new cosmological ontology also constitutes a profound reconsideration of the problem of the transcendental and its categories, freed from the burden of subjectivity that still characterized the philosophies of Kant, Husserl, Heidegger, and Neo-Kantianism. In this context, Fink's phenomenological cosmology emerges as an original perspective and a particular critical interpretation of the history of metaphysics, indebted but not reducible to the perspectives of his masters.