TY  - CHAP
AU  - Oraby, Tamer
AU  - Aspinall, Willy
AU  - Wu, Jun
AU  - ElSaadany, Susie
AU  - Tyshenko, Michael G.
AU  - Ganz, Peter R.
AU  - Laderoute, Marian
AU  - Krewski, Daniel
AB  - In October 2009 it was reported that 68 of 101 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in the United States, when tested, were infected with a novel gamma retrovirus, xenotropic    murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) (Lombardi et al., 2009). XMRV is a recently    discovered human gammaretrovirus first described in prostate cancers that shares    significant homology with murine leukemia virus (MLV) (Ursiman et al., 2006). It is known    that XMRV can cause leukemias and sarcomas in several rodent, feline, and primate species    but has not been shown to cause disease in humans. XMRV was detectable in the peripheral    blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma of individuals diagnosed with CFS    (Lombardi et al., 2009). After this report was published there was a great deal of uncertainty    surrounding this emergent virus and its involvement in the etiology of CFS. The uncertainty    was, in part, due to CFS being a complex, poorly understood multi-system disorder with    different disease criteria used for its diagnosis. CFS, also known as Myalgic    Encephalomyelitis (ME), is a debilitating disease of unknown origin that is estimated to    affect 17 million people worldwide. The initial report connecting XMRV to prostate cancers    and CFS garnered significant media and scientific interest since it provided a potential        Susie ElSaadany2**, Tamer Oraby1    *    Daniel Krewski1, 4 and Peter R. Ganz5    1McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health, University of    Ottawa, Ontario, Canada    2Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Centre for Communicable Diseases and    Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada    3Aspinall and Associates, Cleveland House, High Street, and Earth Sciences, Bristol University, Bristol, United    Kingdom    4Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa,    Ontario, Canada    5Health Canada, Director’s Office, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada    ** Corresponding Author    , Marian Laderoute2    , Jun Wu2    , Willy Aspinall3    ,    www.intechopen.com    32 The Continuum of Health Risk Assessments    explanation for the disease but also an avenue for possible therapeutic treatments since    XMRV is known to be susceptible to some anti-retroviral drugs (Cohen, 2011).
DO  - 10.5772/38572
ID  - OAPEN ID: 612629
ID  - OAPEN ID: OCN: 1030819683
ID  - OAPEN ID: http://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/32325
KW  - case study
KW  - virus
KW  - case study
KW  - virus
KW  - Blood plasma
KW  - Blood-borne disease
KW  - Canada
KW  - Chronic fatigue syndrome
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Prostate cancer
KW  - Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus
L1  - https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/32325/1/612629.pdf
L1  - https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/32325/1/612629.pdf
L1  - https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/32325/1/612629.pdf
L1  - https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/32325/1/612629.pdf
LA  - English
LK  - https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/33996
PB  - InTechOpen
PY  - 2012
TI  - Chapter 3 Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus as a Case Study: Using a Precautionary  Risk Management Approach for Emerging  Blood-Borne Pathogens in Canadanull
ER  - 
