TY  - BOOK
AU  - Luoranen, Jaana
AU  - Riikonen, Johanna
AB  - Rapid establishment of seedlings in forest regeneration or afforestation sites after planting is a prerequisite for a successful reforestation. Seedling survival after outplanting can be improved by using high-quality seedling material. Seedling quality consists of several features, such as genetic source, morphological properties, nutritional status, stress resistance, and vitality of the seedlings. Field performance of the seedlings is a complex process which can be affected by many nursery and silvicultural practices. Nursery cultural practices strongly affect seedling quality, which is generally at its highest level during the growth period at the nursery. Afterwards, when the seedlings are transported from the nursery to the planting site (including seedling storage, handling, shipping, and planting practices), the quality of seedlings can only remain the same or decline. To ensure successful regeneration, it is important to produce seedlings that retain their high quality until planting, and to establish them quickly in the forest regeneration site.
DO  - 10.3390/books978-3-03921-256-9
ID  - OAPEN ID: 42469
KW  - container parameters
KW  - forest regeneration material
KW  - physiological attributes
KW  - somatic embryogenesis
KW  - Quercus rubra
KW  - antioxidant enzymes
KW  - nursery production
KW  - shortleaf pine
KW  - historical perspective
KW  - maturation
KW  - Appalachia
KW  - bulk density
KW  - Quercus robur L.
KW  - rabbit
KW  - western larch
KW  - Picea abies L. Karst.
KW  - sessile oak
KW  - climate change
KW  - physiological quality
KW  - nursery culture
KW  - Fennoscandia
KW  - pedunculate oak
KW  - elk
KW  - seeds
KW  - survival
KW  - small mammal
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - Norway spruce
KW  - white oak
KW  - growing media
KW  - germination
KW  - morphological attributes
KW  - embling production
KW  - mechanization
KW  - browse
KW  - contractor
KW  - field performance
KW  - reforestation
KW  - white-tailed deer
KW  - forest biotechnology
KW  - cultural practice
KW  - hybridization
KW  - nutrients
KW  - silviculture
KW  - black locust
KW  - scarification index
KW  - seedling quality
KW  - tree planting machine
KW  - seed size
KW  - herbicide
KW  - artificial regeneration
KW  - restoration ecology
KW  - porosity
KW  - northern red oak
KW  - cryopreservation
KW  - leaf senescence
KW  - tree seedling
KW  - Douglas fir
KW  - Quercus
KW  - growth
KW  - mine reclamation
KW  - forestry
L1  - https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1478
LA  - English
LK  - https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/59109
PB  - MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
PY  - 2019
SN  - 9783039212552
SN  - 9783039212569
TI  - Seedling Production and Field Performance of Seedlingsnull
ER  - 
